Ilar microbial community composition, when the Dianhong Tea (BT1) and Yingde Black Tea (BT2) and model groups have been inside the similar cluster, which was in line together with the final results of PCoA evaluation.Foods 2021, ten,13 ofAs expected, the results of species abundance cluster analysis determined by each phylum and genus levels showed that overt transform inside the composition of gut microbiota was observed in the model group compared with all the manage group as displayed in Figure 7B,C. In addition, Tieguanyin Tea (OT1), Fenghuang Danzong Tea (OT2), Fu Brick Tea (DT1), Selenium-Enriched Dark Tea (DT2), and handle groups had related microbial community composition, when the Dianhong Tea (BT1) and Yingde Black Tea (BT2) and model groups have been in the exact same cluster, which was in line with all the benefits of PCoA evaluation. 3.eight. Effects of Tea Extracts on the Composition of Gut Microbiota It has been demonstrated that the composition of gut microbiota was considerably influenced by chronic alcohol exposure [6]. Our study additional identified that the gut microbiota composition was substantially influenced by alcohol consumption plus the supplementation of tea extracts. As noticed in the Figure 8A,C, at the phylum level, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Proteobacteria, Epsilonbacteraeota, Actinobacteria, and Patescilbacteria have been by far the most abundant bacteria inside the fecal samples of all groups (relative abundance 0.01 ). Compared with the control group, chronic alcohol consumption substantially decreased the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobi and Actinobacteria, and drastically elevated the relative abundance of αLβ2 Antagonist Formulation Proteobacteria and Epsilonbacteraeota. It has been identified that Proteobacteria could multiply in the intestine to cope with the imbalance of microbial composition and was closely related with inflammation [54,55]. Moreover, gut microbiota SSTR2 Activator Species dysbiosis resulted from alcohol was related to an increase in the abundance of Proteobacteria [56]. The therapy of Tieguanyin Tea (OT1) and Fu Brick Tea (DT1) extracts drastically inhibited alcohol-induced lower in Verrucomicrobi and Actinobacteria, whilst the therapy of Dianhong Tea (BT1) and Fenghuang Danzong Tea (OT2) extracts additional decreased the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobi. Furthermore, in the course of this experiment, it was identified that the elevated phylum Proteobacteria induced by chronic alcohol consumption was decreased after the intervention of all tea extracts. This result was consistent with the elevated IL-6 and TNF- levels (caused by alcohol exposure), which have been lowered by all tea extracts. This demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory effects of those teas may be linked with their roles in restoring the gut microbiota dysbiosis, which was in agreement using a previous study [54]. Moreover, the supplementation of Tieguanyin Tea (OT1), Fu Brick Tea (DT1), and Selenium-Enriched Dark Tea (DT2) extracts remarkably reduced the relative abundance of Epsilonbacteraeota, while Dianhong Tea (BT1) and Yingde Black Tea (BT2) substantially enhanced it. Alternatively, compared using the control group, an increasing trend within the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, and a decreasing trend in that of Firmicutes and the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes had been observed in the model group, but there was no important difference. On the other hand, the treatment options of Tieguanyin Tea (OT1), Fenghuang Danzong Tea (OT2), Fu Brick Tea (DT1), and Selenium-Enriched Dark Tea (DT2) extracts considerably decreased the.
