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Mohs RC, Knopman D, Petersen RC, Ferris SH, Ernesto C, et al. Development of cognitive instruments for use in clinical trials of antidementia drugs: additions to the Alzheimer’s Illness Assessment Scale that broaden its eight Biomarkers for Illness Progression in AD 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. scope. The Alzheimer’s Illness Cooperative Study. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 11: S13S21. Blessed G, Tomlinson BE, Roth M The association between quantitative measures of dementia and of senile alter within the cerebral grey matter of elderly subjects. Br J Psychiatry 114: 797811. Roth M, Tym E, Mountjoy CQ, Huppert FA, Hendrie H, et al. CAMDEX. A standardised instrument for the diagnosis of mental disorder in the elderly with unique reference towards the early detection of dementia. Br J Psychiatry 149: 698709. Wadsworth LP, Lorius N, Donovan NJ, Locascio JJ, Rentz DM, et al. Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Worldwide Functional Impairment along the Alzheimer’s Continuum. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 34: 96111. Wolfson C, Moride Y, Perrault A, Momoli F, Demers L, et al. Drug treatments for Alzheimer’s disease. Part two: A assessment of outcome measures in clinical trials. Ottawa: Canadian Coordinating Workplace 18204824 for Overall health Technology Assessment. The National Institute on Aging, and Reagan Institute Working Group on Diagnostic Criteria 23148522 for the Neuropathological Assessment of Alzheimer’s Disease Consensus recommendations for the postmortem diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. Neurobiol Aging 18: S1S2. Mirra SS, Heyman A, McKeel D, Sumi SM, Crain BJ, et al. The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Illness. Part II. Standardization in the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer’s disease. Neurology 41: 479486. 21. Hobart JC, Cano SJ, Zajicek JP, Thompson AJ Rating scales as outcome measures for clinical trials in neurology: troubles, options, and suggestions. Lancet Neurol 6: 10941105. 22. Kukull WA, Higdon R, Bowen JD, McCormick WC, Teri L, et al. Dementia and Alzheimer illness incidence: a potential cohort study. Arch Neurol 59: 17371746. 23. Jorm AF, Jolley D The incidence of dementia: a meta-analysis. Neurology 51: 728733. 24. Launer LJ, Andersen K, Dewey ME, Letenneur L, Ott A, et al. Prices and threat elements for dementia and Alzheimer’s disease: benefits from EURODEM pooled analyses. EURODEM Incidence Analysis Group and Operate Groups. European Studies of Dementia. Neurology 52: 7884. 25. Bewick V, Cheek L, Ball J Statistics review 7: Correlation and regression. Crit Care 7: 451459. 26. Brown H, Prescott R Repeated measures information. In: Applied mixed models in medicine. Chichester: John Wiley & sons. pp.215270. 27. Alzheimer’s Illness Neuroimaging Initiative. Available: http://adniinfo.org/. Accessed 2013 Oct 15. 28. Parkinson’s Progressive Markers Initiative. Available: http://ppmi-info. org/. Accessed 2013 Oct 15. 29. Parkinson’s Disease Biomarkers Initiative. Available: http://pdbp.ninds. nih.gov/. Accessed 2013 Oct 15. 9 ~~ ~~ Cryptococcus spp. are basidiomycetous yeast, with two species, C. gattii and C. neoformans, causing nearly all human cryptococcal infections. C. neoformans typically causes illness in immunocompromised individuals, and is an important and common cause of opportunistic infections in HIV/AIDS patients worldwid.