Nivalenol
Nivalenol is a Fusarium type B trichothecene mycotoxin. Nivalenol is cytotoxic to leukocytes, inhibiting cell proliferation, increasing IL-8 secretion, and decreasing MCP-1 secretion in an NF-κB-dependent manner. In macrophages and Jurkat T cells, nivalenol increases cytochrome c release and degradation of Bcl-2, stimulating caspase 3-mediated apoptosis. Additionally, nivalenol induces the breakdown of polyribosomes and inhibits polypeptide chain initiation in eukaryotes.
References PubMed ID：:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18949174
| Cas No. |
23282-20-4 |
|---|---|
| Purity |
≥99%, TLC |
| Formula |
C15H20O7 |
| Formula Wt. |
312.32 |
| Melting Point |
127-130°C |
| Solubility |
DMSO, Methanol, dichloromethane. Slightly soluble in water. |
| Appearance |
White to off white powder |
Alassane-Kpembi I, Kolf-Clauw M, Gauthier T, et al. New insights into mycotoxin mixtures: the toxicity of low doses of Type B trichothecenes on intestinal epithelial cells is synergistic. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013 Oct 1;272(1):191-8. PMID: 23735874.
Wu W, Flannery BM, Sugita-Konishi Y, et al. Comparison of murine anorectic responses to the 8-ketotrichothecenes 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, fusarenon X and nivalenol. Food Chem Toxicol. 2012 Jun;50(6):2056-61. PMID: 22465835.
Nagashima H, Kushiro M, Nakagawa H. Nuclear factor-κB inhibitors alleviate nivalenol-induced cytotoxicity in HL60 cells. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2011 Jan;31(1):258-61. PMID: 21787693.
Marzocco S, Russo R, Bianco G, et al. Pro-apoptotic effects of nivalenol and deoxynivalenol trichothecenes in J774A.1 murine macrophages. Toxicol Lett. 2009 Aug 25;189(1):21-6. PMID: 19410639.
Nasri T, Bosch RR, Voorde St, et al. Differential induction of apoptosis by type A and B trichothecenes in Jurkat T-lymphocytes. Toxicol In Vitro. 2006 Sep;20(6):832-40. PMID: 16472964.
Cundliffe E, Cannon M, Davies J. Mechanism of inhibition of eukaryotic protein synthesis by trichothecene fungal toxins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Jan;71(1):30-4. PMID: 4521056.
